Stanza 24: (Note: Odin’s spear is referenced, but Gungnir is not named) Odin casts a projectile over the enemy, probably references his spear to begin the first war in the world between the Æsir and the Vanir.
‘Óðinn let fly and shot into the army —
that was still the first tribe-war in the world;
broken was the board-way of the Æsir’s stronghold,
the Vanir bestrode the plains with a battle-spell.
Stanza 138: (Note: Odin’s spear is referenced, but Gungnir is not named) As part of his self-sacrifice for knowledge, Odin describes being "wounded by a spear" while hanging from the world-tree.
‘I know that I hung on a windy tree
for all of nine nights,
wounded by a spear and given to Óðinn,
myself to myself,
on that tree of which no one knows
the kind of roots it runs from.
Stanza 17: Gungnir is mentioned by name as one of the significant items upon which runes are carved.
‘on glass and on gold and on men’s amulets,
in wine and wort and a favoured seat,
on Gungnir’s point and on Grani’s breast,
on a Norn’s nail and on an owl’s nose.
Prose before Stanza 30: (Note: Odin’s spear is referenced, but Gungnir is not named) Odin lends his spear to Dagr, who then uses it to kill Helgi Hundingsbani.
Helgi married Sigrún and they had sons; Helgi was not old. Dagr, Hǫgni’s son, sacrificed to Óðinn to avenge his father. Óðinn lent Dagr his spear. Dagr found Helgi, his brother-in-law, at the place called Fjǫturlundr. He ran Helgi through with the spear. There Helgi fell.
Chapter 51(p. 54): As the gods prepare for their final battle, Odin is described leading the charge, armed with his spear.
Odin will ride in front with golden helmet and fine coat of mail and his spear called Gungnir.
Chapter 2(p. 69): A verse by the poet Kormak mentions Odin taking up his famous spear.
Hropt [Odin] took Gungnir.
Chapter 34-35(p. 96): The creation of Gungnir is detailed as one of the precious gifts made by the dwarves. After Loki cuts off Sif's hair, he commissions the sons of Ivaldi to create treasures for the gods to appease them.
After this Loki went to some dwarfs called Ivaldi’s sons, and they made the head of hair and Skidbladnir and the spear belonging to Odin called Gungnir.